fnmatch - match filename or pathname
#include <fnmatch.h>
int fnmatch(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags);
The
fnmatch() function checks whether the
string argument matches
the
pattern argument, which is a shell wildcard pattern (see
glob(7)).
The
flags argument modifies the behavior; it is the bitwise OR of zero or
more of the following flags:
- FNM_NOESCAPE
- If this flag is set, treat backslash as an ordinary character, instead of
an escape character.
- FNM_PATHNAME
- If this flag is set, match a slash in string only with a slash in
pattern and not by an asterisk (*) or a question mark (?)
metacharacter, nor by a bracket expression ([]) containing a slash.
- FNM_PERIOD
- If this flag is set, a leading period in string has to be matched
exactly by a period in pattern. A period is considered to be
leading if it is the first character in string, or if both
FNM_PATHNAME is set and the period immediately follows a
slash.
- FNM_FILE_NAME
- This is a GNU synonym for FNM_PATHNAME.
- FNM_LEADING_DIR
- If this flag (a GNU extension) is set, the pattern is considered to be
matched if it matches an initial segment of string which is
followed by a slash. This flag is mainly for the internal use of glibc and
is implemented only in certain cases.
- FNM_CASEFOLD
- If this flag (a GNU extension) is set, the pattern is matched
case-insensitively.
- FNM_EXTMATCH
- If this flag (a GNU extension) is set, extended patterns are supported, as
introduced by 'ksh' and now supported by other shells. The extended format
is as follows, with pattern-list being a '|' separated list of
patterns.
- '?(pattern-list)'
- The pattern matches if zero or one occurrences of any of the patterns in
the pattern-list match the input string.
- '*(pattern-list)'
- The pattern matches if zero or more occurrences of any of the patterns in
the pattern-list match the input string.
- '+(pattern-list)'
- The pattern matches if one or more occurrences of any of the patterns in
the pattern-list match the input string.
- '@(pattern-list)'
- The pattern matches if exactly one occurrence of any of the patterns in
the pattern-list match the input string.
- '!(pattern-list)'
- The pattern matches if the input string cannot be matched with any
of the patterns in the pattern-list.
Zero if
string matches
pattern,
FNM_NOMATCH if there is no
match or another nonzero value if there is an error.
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
attributes(7).
| Interface |
Attribute |
Value |
| fnmatch () |
Thread safety |
MT-Safe env locale |
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, POSIX.2. The
FNM_FILE_NAME,
FNM_LEADING_DIR, and
FNM_CASEFOLD flags are GNU extensions.
sh(1),
glob(3),
scandir(3),
wordexp(3),
glob(7)